业务影响
The effect or consequence an incident, risk, or change has on an organization's operations, assets, individuals, or reputation, often measured in terms of financial loss, legal exposure, or operational disruption.
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Governance Risk Compliance
Browse Governance Risk Compliance terms for cybersecurity professionals.
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业务连续性
A holistic management process that identifies potential threats and ensures organizational resilience by planning for continued operation during and after a disruptive incident.
View term事件响应
The structured approach to managing and addressing cybersecurity incidents, with processes for detection, containment, eradication, recovery, and post-incident review.
View term事件报告
The formal process of documenting and communicating information about detected security incidents to relevant stakeholders.
View term事件管理
A structured process for identifying, assessing, responding to, and recovering from security incidents to minimize impact and restore normal operations promptly.
View term例外管理
A formal process for documenting, assessing, approving, and monitoring deviations from standard policies or controls, ensuring appropriate risk evaluation and accountability.
View term供应商评估
A structured evaluation of third-party providers’ security, compliance, and risk management practices prior to and during their engagement with the organization.
View term保留政策
A documented set of rules defining how long information or records must be retained to comply with regulatory, legal, or business requirements, and the procedures for their eventual destruction or archival.
View term变更控制
A formal process used to ensure that all modifications to systems, processes, or documents are introduced in a controlled and coordinated manner, minimizing security and compliance risks.
View term合规审计
A systematic, independent review to determine whether activities and related results comply with planned arrangements, policies, and regulatory requirements in information security and GRC frameworks.
View term合规性遵从
Adherence to laws, regulations, and standards applicable to the organization's operations and information security practices.
View term合规报告
The process of preparing and delivering evidence-based reports to demonstrate adherence to regulatory, legal, and contractual requirements.
View term合规控制
A specific policy, process, or technical measure implemented to ensure an organization meets applicable legal, regulatory, and contractual requirements in its operations and information systems.
View term合规框架
An integrated system of standards, guidelines, and procedures designed to help an organization meet all relevant legal, regulatory, and contractual obligations.
View term合规监督
Ongoing supervision and review of an organization's compliance with laws, regulations, policies, and contractual obligations.
View term合规管理
The coordinated set of processes and controls designed to ensure adherence to legal, regulatory, and internal policy requirements.
View term合规验证
The formal process of testing and confirming that systems, processes, and controls meet regulatory, contractual, and policy requirements.
View term处罚评估
The formal process of determining and imposing financial or legal penalties for non-compliance with regulatory or contractual obligations.
View term威胁建模
A structured methodology to identify, analyze, and address potential threats and vulnerabilities in information systems throughout their lifecycle.
View term威胁评估
A structured process for identifying, evaluating, and prioritizing potential threats to an organization's assets, operations, or individuals.
View term安全分类
The categorization of data or assets based on sensitivity, value, and required level of protection, typically in alignment with legal, regulatory, and organizational requirements.
View term安全培训
Instructional activities designed to equip personnel with the knowledge and skills to recognize, prevent, and respond to cybersecurity threats and incidents.
View term安全基线
A documented set of minimum security controls or configurations established as a standard for systems, services, or processes to ensure a consistent level of risk mitigation.
View term安全审计
A formal, systematic review of an organization’s information systems, controls, and procedures to verify their effectiveness and compliance with security policies and regulations.
View term安全态势
The overall status of an organization’s cybersecurity policies, controls, capabilities, and readiness to detect, prevent, and respond to threats.
View term安全意识培训
Education provided to personnel to raise awareness about security risks, threats, and safe practices, often as part of compliance requirements.
View term安全监督
The ongoing supervision and review of security policies, controls, and processes to ensure effective risk management and regulatory compliance.
View term安全章程
A formal document that defines the scope, authority, and responsibilities of the security function within an organization.
View term安全策略
A high-level plan that defines how an organization will protect its information assets, meet regulatory obligations, and manage cybersecurity risks in alignment with business objectives.
View term安全评估
A systematic evaluation of the security posture of systems, networks, and processes to identify vulnerabilities, threats, and weaknesses.
View term审计委员会
A formally established group within an organization tasked with oversight of financial reporting, internal controls, risk management, and compliance auditing.
View term审计日志
The systematic recording of events and user actions in information systems to enable traceability, accountability, and forensic investigations.
View term审计跟踪
A chronological record of system activities and user actions, providing documented evidence to support accountability, traceability, and compliance.
View term密钥管理
The set of processes and mechanisms used for the secure generation, distribution, storage, rotation, and destruction of cryptographic keys throughout their lifecycle.
View term差距评估
A structured review that compares current security controls and practices against required standards or frameworks to identify deficiencies.
View term异常处理
The systematic process of identifying, logging, resolving, and reporting deviations from expected information security or operational processes.
View term影响分析
The process of identifying and evaluating the potential consequences and business impacts of threats, incidents, or policy changes.
View term影响评估
A systematic analysis of the consequences that an identified risk or incident could have on business operations, assets, or individuals.
View term持续监控
Ongoing real-time observation and analysis of security controls and risks to ensure timely detection of threats and compliance violations.
View term控制审查
An assessment of security controls to determine their effectiveness, adequacy, and proper implementation within the organizational environment.
View term控制成熟度
A measure of how well an internal control is designed, implemented, and operating as intended to mitigate risk and meet compliance objectives.
View term控制映射
The process of linking controls to regulatory, policy, or framework requirements to demonstrate compliance and facilitate audits.
View term控制框架
A structured set of governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) policies, processes, and controls aligned to industry standards for managing and mitigating organizational risks.
View term控制流程
A series of coordinated actions and procedures implemented to manage and mitigate risk by enforcing policies and security requirements.
View term控制目标
A specific statement of the desired result or purpose that a control is intended to achieve, forming the basis for assessing the effectiveness of risk management and compliance controls.
View term控制缺陷
A weakness in the design or operation of a control that prevents it from effectively mitigating risk or achieving compliance.
View term控制自评
Short for 'Control Self-Assessment'—an internal process where departments evaluate the design and effectiveness of their own controls.
View term控制评估
A formal evaluation of the design and effectiveness of security controls to determine whether they are operating as intended within an organization’s environment.
View term政策审查
A formal and systematic evaluation of organizational policies to ensure their adequacy, effectiveness, and compliance with relevant standards, laws, and regulations. Policy reviews are scheduled or ad hoc assessments conducted by GRC teams as part of governance cycles.
View term政策审查
A formal and systematic evaluation of organizational policies to ensure their adequacy, effectiveness, and compliance with relevant standards, laws, and regulations.
View term政策执行
The process of ensuring that policies, standards, and procedures are implemented and followed within the organization, with mechanisms for monitoring and remediation.
View term政策文件
The comprehensive collection and maintenance of all written policies, procedures, and standards governing security, risk, and compliance within an organization.
View term政策框架
A structured set of overarching policies, standards, and guidelines that governs how information security, compliance, and risk are managed across an organization.
View term政策违规
An act or omission that breaches or contradicts an established organizational policy, potentially leading to disciplinary action or compliance failure.
View term政策遵循
The degree to which organizational personnel follow established internal policies, procedures, and standards.
View term数据丢失
The unintended or unauthorized destruction, corruption, or loss of data, potentially resulting in business disruption or compliance violations.
View term数据主体
An individual whose personal data is collected, held or processed by a data controller or processor as defined by privacy laws (e.g., GDPR).
View term数据主权
The concept that digital data is subject to the laws and governance structures within the nation where it is collected or stored.
View term数据保留
The set of policies and procedures governing how long organizational data must be kept, archived, or deleted in compliance with legal, regulatory, or business requirements.
View term数据分类
The process of categorizing data based on its sensitivity, value, and the impact to the organization if disclosed, altered, or destroyed, as required by security policies and compliance frameworks.
View term数据分类
The systematic process of categorizing information based on sensitivity, criticality, and regulatory requirements to determine appropriate protection and handling procedures.
View term数据处理
The processes and procedures for collecting, processing, storing, transmitting, and disposing of data in a secure and compliant manner.
View term数据所有权
The formal assignment of authority and accountability for data assets to specific individuals or roles within an organization, defining responsibility for data integrity, security, and compliance.
View term数据映射
The structured process of identifying, documenting, and connecting the flow of data elements across systems, applications, and business processes, primarily for compliance, privacy, or integration requirements.
View term数据最小化
The principle and practice of limiting personal or sensitive data collection, processing, and retention to only what is necessary for a specified purpose.
View term数据管理
The assignment of responsibility for the management, oversight, and protection of data assets to designated individuals or teams to ensure data quality, compliance, and lifecycle integrity.
View term治理委员会
A formal group of executives and stakeholders responsible for overseeing information security, compliance, and risk management governance processes within an organization.
View term治理模型
A documented structure that defines roles, responsibilities, decision-making processes, and authority for managing information security, risk, and compliance within an organization.
View term法律保全
A directive to preserve all forms of relevant information when litigation or investigation is reasonably anticipated.
View term法律合规
The state of adhering to all applicable laws, regulations, and legal obligations relevant to an organization's business and operations.
View term法规对齐
The degree to which organizational controls, processes, and policies conform to laws, regulations, and relevant industry standards.
View term流程映射
A systematic technique for visually documenting and analyzing business or IT processes, their sequence, stakeholders, inputs, outputs, and control points, supporting compliance, risk, and security management.
View term流程映射
A structured method of visually documenting and analyzing processes, including their steps, controls, and responsible parties, to support compliance and risk management.
View term漏洞披露
The process by which security vulnerabilities are reported to the relevant organization, vendor, or public, typically following a responsible or coordinated disclosure protocol.
View term用户配置
The process of creating, managing, and assigning user accounts and privileges within an organization's IT systems in accordance with security and compliance requirements.
View term监控计划
A documented approach outlining processes, tools, and responsibilities for continuously observing and assessing security controls, compliance, and risk indicators within an organization.
View term监督委员会
A governing committee or group responsible for strategic direction, oversight, and monitoring of the organization’s risk management, compliance, and cybersecurity frameworks.
View term监管审查
A systematic evaluation of processes, policies, and controls to ensure alignment with applicable regulatory requirements and standards.
View term监管差距
Any deficiency or mismatch between current organizational controls, policies, or processes and those required by relevant laws, regulations, or standards.
View term监管风险
The potential for losses or legal penalties resulting from non-compliance with laws, regulations, or mandatory standards governing business operations and information security.
View term第三方风险
The exposure to potential harm or loss resulting from external vendors, suppliers, contractors, or service providers who have access to the organization’s systems, data, or operations.
View term策略例外
A formally approved, documented deviation from an established security policy, typically granted on a temporary basis with compensating controls.
View term管理评审
A formal evaluation conducted by senior management to assess the adequacy and effectiveness of security, compliance, and risk management processes.
View term缓解计划
A documented strategy detailing specific actions and controls to reduce the likelihood or impact of identified risks.
View term职责分离
A risk management control principle that divides critical tasks and privileges among multiple individuals to reduce opportunities for fraud or error in business processes.
View term行为准则
A formal set of ethical and behavioral guidelines that define acceptable and unacceptable actions for personnel within an organization.
View term补救计划
A formal strategy that outlines actions, responsibilities, and timelines to correct identified security or compliance deficiencies.
View term补救跟踪
The ongoing process of monitoring and managing corrective actions taken to resolve identified security or compliance issues.
View term角色管理
The process of defining, assigning, and controlling user roles and associated privileges within systems to enforce least privilege and separation of duties.
View term访问认证
A formal, periodic review process in which managers or data owners attest that users have the appropriate levels of access to systems and information according to their roles and responsibilities.
View term访问重新认证
A formal process to periodically review and validate user access rights to systems and data to ensure only authorized personnel retain access, as required by regulatory and security policies.
View term资产清单
A comprehensive list of all information assets within an organization, including hardware, software, data, and supporting infrastructure, used for risk and compliance management.
View term道德热线
A confidential reporting mechanism that allows employees and third parties to report ethical or compliance concerns anonymously.
View term问责框架
A structured set of responsibilities, roles, and processes that ensure individuals and teams are answerable for security and compliance obligations.
View term隐私声明
A formal document that informs individuals about how their personal data is collected, used, stored, and protected by the organization, in compliance with privacy regulations.
View term隐私影响
The effect of a process, project, or system on the privacy of individuals, often measured and documented through a formal assessment (PIA).
View term韧性规划
The strategic process of designing and implementing measures to ensure an organization can adapt, recover, and continue operating through adverse events or disruptions.
View term风险优先级排序
The process of ranking identified risks based on their likelihood, potential impact, and organizational risk appetite to inform resource allocation and response strategies.
View term风险偏好
The level and type of risk an organization is willing to accept in pursuit of its objectives, as formally defined by senior management or the board.
View term风险分析
The systematic process of identifying, evaluating, and prioritizing risks to organizational assets, considering likelihood and potential impact.
View term风险容忍度
The amount and type of risk an organization is willing to accept in pursuit of its objectives, as defined in risk management policies.
View term风险归属
The assignment of accountability and authority for managing identified risks to a specific individual or organizational role.
View term风险报告
The process of collecting, analyzing, and communicating information about risk exposures, controls, and mitigation activities to organizational stakeholders.
View term风险接受
A formal decision to acknowledge and accept the consequences of a specific risk, typically documented and approved by authorized management.
View term风险登记册
A central repository listing identified organizational risks, their likelihood, impact, mitigation actions, and responsible parties, maintained as part of risk management processes.
View term风险矩阵
A graphical tool that maps risk likelihood and impact to prioritize mitigation and support risk management decisions.
View term风险评估
The process of assessing the potential impact and likelihood of identified risks to determine their significance and guide mitigation efforts.
View term风险评分
The process of quantifying and prioritizing risks by assigning numerical or qualitative values based on likelihood, impact, and organizational context.
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