ADF方位
The direction to or from a Non-Directional Beacon as indicated by the aircraft's Automatic Direction Finder equipment, relative to the aircraft's heading.
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Navigation
Browse Navigation terms for pilots, air traffic controllers, cabin crew and aviation learners.
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ATS航路
A defined corridor in controlled airspace designated for the use of aircraft flying under Air Traffic Services, with specified route, width, and flight levels.
View termDME弧线
A curved flight path at a constant distance from a DME station, commonly used in instrument approach procedures to transition from en route to the final approach course.
View termGPS进近
An instrument approach procedure that uses signals from the Global Positioning System (GPS) for navigation and guidance to a runway, as published on authorized approach charts.
View termLASER航路点
A specifically named waypoint (LASER) used in navigation or published procedures, commonly appearing in STARs, SIDs, or enroute charts as part of ATC routing.
View termORA航路点
A published, named navigation point (ORA) used in RNAV procedures, typically representing a specific fix for routing, entry, or transition, defined by coordinates and used in flight management systems.
View termVOR与DME共址台
A navigation aid installation where a VHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR) and Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) are located at the same site, providing both azimuth and distance information.
View termVOR与TACAN共址台
A ground-based radio navigation aid where a VHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR) and a Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN) facility are located at the same site, providing both civil and military navigation signals (VORTAC).
View termVOR径向
A specific magnetic bearing from a VOR station, identified by its radial number, used for aircraft navigation and ATC instructions.
View termZulu时间
The standard time reference used in aviation and military operations, equivalent to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), denoted by the letter Z (Zulu) after the time.
View term下一个航路点
The upcoming predefined navigation fix along a flight route, as programmed in the flight management system and used for position reporting, routing, or sequencing.
View term下滑道
The vertical guidance component of an Instrument Landing System (ILS) that provides the optimal descent path to the runway threshold.
View term下降顶点
The calculated point along a flight path where the aircraft begins its planned descent from cruise altitude toward the destination, as programmed in the FMS.
View term临界点
A position along a route where, in the event of an emergency or abnormal situation, a decision must be made to proceed or return, often used in fuel or performance-critical calculations, such as the point beyond which it is safer or faster to continue than to turn back.
View term交会点
A point defined by the crossing of two or more airways, radials, or routes, used as a reference for navigation or reporting.
View term仪表着陆系统
Precision approach aid providing lateral (localizer) and vertical (glide slope) guidance to a runway.
View term侧向导航与垂直导航
A navigation mode providing both horizontal (lateral) and vertical guidance to the aircraft, commonly used in RNAV and RNP procedures, enabling precise 3D path tracking.
View term偏移
A lateral deviation from a published route, airway, or track, authorized by ATC to avoid weather, traffic, or other hazards, typically specified in nautical miles right or left.
View term全球定位系统
A satellite-based navigation system providing accurate position, velocity, and time information to aircraft and other users.
View term分级爬升
A series of planned altitude increases during cruise, typically due to decreasing aircraft weight from fuel burn, allowing for more efficient flight profiles and compliance with ATC or route requirements.
View term切入
A maneuver where an aircraft joins a specified course, radial, localizer, track, or route as instructed by ATC, commonly used during approaches and vectoring.
View term初始进近定位点
A designated point where an aircraft initiates the instrument approach procedure for a specific approach segment, leading towards final approach.
View term到台时间
The calculated or measured time remaining to reach a radio navigation aid, waypoint, or fix, used for position reporting and navigation accuracy.
View term剩余距离
The remaining distance to a specified point along the planned route, as displayed on the flight management system or requested by ATC for position reports.
View term北大西洋航线
A published daily route system over the North Atlantic, providing organized and coordinated tracks for transatlantic flights to maximize safety and efficiency.
View term区域导航
A method of navigation allowing aircraft operation on any desired flight path within the coverage of navigation aids or within the limits of self-contained aids, or a combination of these.
View term区域导航航路
A published airway or route defined by area navigation (RNAV) waypoints, allowing aircraft to fly direct between points without reliance on ground-based navigation aids.
View term向量指示
A heading assigned by ATC to an aircraft for navigation or separation purposes, usually stated as 'fly heading…'. Vectors are used for traffic sequencing, approach, or avoidance.
View term喷气航线
A designated airway in controlled airspace, typically for aircraft operating at high altitudes (usually above FL180 in the US), used primarily by jet aircraft.
View term垂直导航
A component of navigation relating to an aircraft's position in the vertical plane (altitude), including climb, cruise, and descent profiles.
View term基于性能的导航
A navigation specification that requires aircraft to meet specific performance requirements for accuracy, integrity, continuity, and functionality in accordance with ICAO Doc 9613, applied to area navigation (RNAV) and required navigation performance (RNP) operations.
View term复飞点
A specified point in an instrument approach procedure at which a missed approach must be initiated if the required visual reference to continue the approach has not been established.
View term导航定位点
A specific geographical position determined by visual reference, radio aid, or satellite, used in defining air routes, procedures, or as a reporting point.
View term带垂直引导的定位器性能
An instrument approach procedure (APV) that provides both lateral and vertical guidance using satellite-based augmentation systems, similar to ILS precision but based on GPS/WAAS signals.
View term平行偏移
A specific type of offset in which the aircraft flies a route parallel to the original track, usually by a set number of nautical miles left or right, as instructed by ATC.
View term平行进入
A method of entering a holding pattern where the aircraft initially flies outbound parallel to the holding course, then turns back to intercept the inbound leg.
View term延程双发飞行进入点
The geographic position from which an aeroplane on an approved extended-range twin-engine operation (ETOPS) flight enters a phase requiring adherence to ETOPS requirements, such as designated diversion procedures and specific fuel, performance, and alternate airport planning.
View term弧线
A segment of a circle at a fixed distance from a navigation aid, usually flown as part of a procedure turn, approach, or missed approach using DME or RNAV guidance.
View term惯性参考系统
A subsystem of an INS providing attitude, position, and velocity reference information for aircraft systems and crew.
View term惯性导航系统
A self-contained navigation system that determines aircraft position and velocity by processing accelerations and rotations measured by onboard sensors.
View term战术空中导航
A military navigation system (TACAN) providing bearing and distance information to aircraft, functionally similar to VOR/DME but used mainly for military operations.
View term所需导航性能
A statement of the navigation performance accuracy necessary for operation within a defined airspace, expressed as a numerical value that aircraft must meet or exceed.
View term排序
The process of arranging aircraft in a specific order for arrival, approach, or departure, ensuring safe and efficient flow of air traffic.
View term方位/距离定位点
A specified position defined by the intersection of a bearing from a navigation aid and a measured distance, used for fixes, approaches, and reporting points.
View term无法返航点
The specific point on the route after which an aircraft does not have sufficient fuel to return to the departure aerodrome, requiring it to continue to the destination or an alternate.
View term无线电磁指示器
An instrument displaying the aircraft's bearing to selected radio navigation aids, combining magnetic heading and bearing information, commonly used with ADF or VOR.
View term无线电罗盘信标
Low-frequency radio beacon transmitting a non-directional signal that pilots track with an ADF receiver.
View term最后进近定位点
A designated point in an instrument approach from which the final approach segment to the runway begins.
View term标准仪表离场程序
A published IFR departure procedure providing specific routing, altitude, and navigational guidance for departing aircraft from an airport under instrument flight rules.
View term标准终端进场航线
A published IFR route that provides standardized lateral and vertical guidance for arriving aircraft from the en-route structure to a point where an approach to landing can begin, typically within terminal airspace.
View term标志信标
A radio transmitter used in the ILS to provide pilots with range information along the approach path, typically located at specified distances from the runway threshold.
View term格网导航
A navigation technique using a grid reference system rather than true or magnetic north, primarily in polar regions where magnetic compasses and conventional charts are unreliable. Used for plotting and ATC reporting.
View term横向导航
A component of navigation relating to the aircraft's position in the horizontal plane (track), including guidance along a defined route or to a waypoint.
View term水平位置指示器
A cockpit instrument that displays aircraft position relative to navigation aids and selected course, combining heading and navigation information for situational awareness.
View term泪珠型进入
A method of entering a holding pattern in which the aircraft initially flies outbound on a course 30 degrees offset from the holding inbound leg, then turns inbound to intercept the holding course.
View term洋面航线
A published route across oceanic airspace, usually coordinated daily, which enables safe and efficient passage of aircraft between continents over oceans.
View term测距设备
Airborne interrogator and ground transponder pair providing slant-range distance to the station in nautical miles.
View term爬升顶点
The calculated point along the flight path where an aircraft completes its climb and levels off at cruising altitude as programmed in the FMS.
View term甚高频全向信标
Ground-based VHF radio beacon providing 360-degree azimuth guidance to aircraft.
View term直接进入
A holding entry method where the aircraft flies directly onto the inbound leg of the holding pattern upon crossing the fix.
View term直飞
A clearance to fly directly from the present position to a specified navigation fix or waypoint, bypassing intervening fixes or published routes.
View term真航向
The intended direction of flight over the ground referenced to true north, prior to adjustment for wind, magnetic variation, or compass error.
View term磁偏角
The angular difference between true north and magnetic north at a specific location. Used to calculate magnetic headings and courses for navigation and ATC procedures.
View term磁航向
The direction of flight over the ground with respect to magnetic north, obtained by correcting true course for magnetic variation.
View term离场段
The segment of a holding pattern or procedure flown away from the holding fix or navigation aid, typically timed or distance-limited.
View term等待点
A specified point, identified by navigation aids or coordinates, at which an aircraft may be instructed to hold.
View term等时点
A calculated position along the planned route where the time required to continue to a suitable alternate aerodrome is the same as the time required to return to a different suitable alternate aerodrome, considering wind and performance.
View term经纬度坐标
A geographic position expressed in degrees, minutes, and seconds or decimal degrees, specifying a point north or south of the Equator (latitude) and east or west of the Prime Meridian (longitude); used for precise aircraft navigation and reporting.
View term经过航路点后
A routing or procedural instruction indicating action to be taken immediately after passing a specified navigation fix.
View term航向
The intended direction of flight expressed as an angle from North, along which an aircraft is to be flown.
View term航向
The direction in which an aircraft’s nose is pointed, expressed in degrees from North. May differ from track due to wind drift.
View term航向道
The component of an Instrument Landing System (ILS) that provides lateral guidance to align the aircraft with the runway centerline during approach.
View term航路点
A specified geographical location, defined by coordinates, used for navigation and flight planning, including RNAV procedures.
View term航迹
The aircraft’s actual path over the ground, measured in degrees from North. Distinct from heading, which is the direction the nose points.
View term距离
The measured space between two points, often in nautical miles in aviation contexts.
View term距离测量
The process of determining distance, often by reference to DME (Distance Measuring Equipment) in ATC phraseology.
View term距离环
Circular overlays on a navigation display or chart, spaced at regular intervals from a reference point or airport, used for situational awareness and range estimation.
View term过渡程序
A published route or procedure that connects the en-route structure to an instrument approach or departure, often used to link an arrival or departure with a standard terminal procedure.
View term进入等待程序
The initial maneuver by which an aircraft enters a holding pattern as prescribed, using one of the approved entry procedures: direct, teardrop, or parallel.
View term进场段
The segment of a holding pattern or approach procedure flown toward the fix or navigation aid, typically timed or distance-limited.
View term道面穿越高度
The height above runway threshold at which the aircraft’s glide path crosses the runway during final approach, typically referenced in ILS and LPV procedures.
View term需获授权的所需导航性能
A navigation specification for RNAV operations that requires special aircrew and aircraft authorization before use, typically for advanced RNP approaches and routes.
View term飞行管理系统
An integrated avionics system that automates flight planning, navigation, performance, and guidance calculations throughout all phases of flight.
View term高度限制
A published or assigned restriction that requires an aircraft to cross a specific point at, above, or below a certain altitude, common in RNAV and STAR procedures.
View term高空ATS航路
A designated corridor in controlled airspace, typically above a specified flight level (e.g., FL245), for use by aircraft under Air Traffic Services, forming part of the upper air route network.
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