Aerofreno
A flight control surface deployed by pilots to increase drag and reduce airspeed or descent rate, especially during descent and approach phases.
View termCategories
Flight Phase
Browse Flight Phase terms for pilots, air traffic controllers, cabin crew and aviation learners.
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Allineamento
An ATC instruction for an aircraft to enter the runway and position itself for take-off, without commencing the take-off roll.
View termAltimetro impostato
Confirms that the aircraft's altimeter has been adjusted to the correct barometric pressure setting, as assigned by ATC or as required for flight phase.
View termAngolo di rotta
The actual direction of an aircraft's path over the ground, expressed as an angle relative to north, independent of heading.
View termarrotondamento
Landing manoeuvre in which the pilot raises the nose to arrest the descent rate just before touchdown.
View termAtterraggio automatico
A landing performed by the aircraft's autopilot system, typically using ILS signals, requiring minimal pilot input, especially under low-visibility conditions.
View termAutorizzato avvicinamento ILS
ATC clearance instructing an aircraft to conduct an Instrument Landing System (ILS) approach to a specified runway.
View termAutorizzato avvicinamento RNAV
ATC clearance authorizing an aircraft to conduct an Area Navigation (RNAV) approach procedure to a specified runway.
View termAutorizzato avvicinamento visuale
ATC instruction authorizing an aircraft to proceed visually to the airport, maintaining own separation and visual contact with the airport or preceding aircraft.
View termAvviamento motore
The action of starting aircraft engines, typically following ATC clearance. Communicated between flight crew and ground control before taxi or pushback.
View termAvvicinamento finale
The segment of an instrument approach procedure in which alignment and descent for landing are completed, extending from the final approach fix to the runway.
View termAvvicinamento iniziale
The segment of an instrument approach procedure between the initial approach fix and the intermediate or final approach fix, preparing for alignment and descent to land.
View termCarburante blocco
The total quantity of fuel loaded on board the aircraft before engine start, including fuel for taxi, flight, alternate, holding, and contingency.
View termCarburante di attesa
The quantity of fuel specifically reserved for holding patterns in case of delays before approach or landing.
View termCarburante di riserva
The quantity of fuel carried on board in addition to all planned requirements, intended for unforeseen circumstances and regulatory compliance.
View termCarburante extra (contingenza)
The discretionary amount of fuel carried beyond required minimums to address potential delays, weather, or other unforeseen operational factors.
View termCarburante per aeroporto alternato
The required fuel quantity to fly from the destination airport to a designated alternate airport, including approach and landing at the alternate.
View termCarrello d’atterraggio giù
The position and status indicating the aircraft’s landing gear is fully extended and locked for touchdown and ground operations.
View termCarrello su
A cockpit command for retracting the landing gear, given after a positive rate of climb is established post-takeoff.
View termComponente vento frontale
The part of the wind velocity that blows directly against the direction of travel of the aircraft, improving takeoff and landing performance.
View termComponente vento in coda
The portion of the wind velocity blowing in the same direction as the aircraft's movement or runway orientation, reducing takeoff or landing performance.
View termComponente vento traverso
The part of the wind velocity that is perpendicular to the runway or the aircraft's track, affecting lateral control during takeoff, landing, or flight.
View termConfigurazione pulita
An aircraft configuration in which all lift devices such as flaps and slats are retracted and landing gear is up, optimized for cruise or go-around.
View termCorsa di decollo
The phase of flight beginning when an aircraft starts its ground run on the runway after take-off clearance, accelerating to lift-off speed.
View termCrociera
The phase of flight in which the aircraft maintains a steady flight level and speed along the planned route after climb and before descent.
View termDiscesa al minimo
A descent procedure where engines are set to idle thrust, allowing the aircraft to descend primarily due to gravity, optimizing fuel efficiency and minimizing noise.
View termDiscesa controllata
A procedure for descending to a safe altitude following engine failure at cruise. Aircraft descends along a planned path ensuring obstacle clearance and safe flight.
View termDiscesa di crociera
A gradual descent initiated by the pilot or ATC from cruising altitude, often to optimize fuel burn or prepare for arrival, not directly tied to an approach clearance.
View termDisplay di Navigazione
An electronic cockpit display providing pilots with route, waypoint, weather radar, and traffic information to support flight navigation and situational awareness.
View termDisplay Primario di Volo
The main electronic cockpit display providing essential flight information such as attitude, airspeed, altitude, and heading; central to flight crew situational awareness.
View termDispositivo bordo d’attacco
A movable aerodynamic surface, such as a slat or Krueger flap, installed on the wing’s leading edge and extended to increase lift during takeoff or landing.
View termDispositivo bordo d’uscita
A movable aerodynamic surface located on the trailing edge of an aircraft wing, such as a flap, extended to increase lift and control at low speeds, especially during takeoff and landing.
View termElevazione campo dell'aerodromo
The official elevation of an aerodrome above mean sea level, usually measured at the highest point of the landing area.
View termFine salita
The defined point in a flight where the aircraft completes its climb and levels off at the planned cruise altitude. Marked in flight planning systems and often referenced in ATC communications.
View termFlap
Hinged surfaces on the trailing edge of the wing that can be extended to increase lift at lower speeds, used during takeoff and landing.
View termFrenata manuale
The act of the flight crew applying the aircraft's wheel brakes by hand or foot, rather than using automatic braking systems, typically during landing rollout or ground operations.
View termGlide slope
The vertical guidance portion of an ILS, providing an optimal descent path to the runway threshold for precision approaches.
View termImpostazione altimetro riferita alla pressione livello mare (QNH)
The altimeter subscale setting so that the instrument indicates altitude above mean sea level. Also known as QNH.
View termImpostazione pressione standard (1013 hPa)
The standard sea-level pressure value of 1013.25 hPa (hectopascals) used above transition altitude/level for setting altimeters.
View termInizio discesa
The calculated point during cruise at which an aircraft initiates descent from cruising altitude toward destination, usually determined by onboard flight management systems.
View termInvertitore di spinta
A device that redirects the engine's thrust forward to help slow the aircraft after landing, typically activated on touchdown.
View termLinea d’attesa
A clearly marked line on the surface of an aerodrome, usually at a runway/taxiway intersection, beyond which an aircraft or vehicle may not proceed unless cleared by ATC.
View termLivello di transizione
The lowest flight level available for use above the transition altitude. Aircraft climbing through the transition altitude use the transition level to set standard pressure.
View termLocalizzatore
The horizontal guidance component of the ILS, providing lateral alignment with the runway centerline during instrument approaches.
View termMancato avvicinamento
A published procedure to be followed when an instrument approach cannot be completed to a landing due to loss of required visual reference or ATC instruction.
View termModalità roll-out
A mode of the autopilot or autoland system engaged after touchdown, controlling the aircraft's direction and deceleration along the runway centerline until low speed is reached.
View termNumero di Mach
The ratio of the true airspeed of an aircraft to the speed of sound under the same atmospheric conditions. Used in ATC for speed assignments and reporting in high-speed flight.
View termOperazioni in bassa visibilità
Procedures and requirements for aircraft movements at aerodromes when visibility is reduced below specified minima, including LVP (Low Visibility Procedures).
View termPannello di Controllo dei Modi
The autopilot interface panel allowing pilots to select, arm, or adjust flight modes such as heading, altitude, and vertical speed for aircraft automation.
View termPartenza standard
A pre-planned IFR departure route (SID) published for use by departing aircraft, providing obstacle clearance and efficient traffic flow.
View termPattern di attesa
A predetermined maneuver which keeps an aircraft within a specified airspace while awaiting further clearance, typically involving racetrack-shaped circuits about a fix.
View termPotenza di salita
A reduced engine power setting selected after take-off and acceleration, used for the climb phase to minimize engine wear while maintaining safe climb performance.
View termPre‑avviamento
The phase prior to engine start during which pilots perform pre‑start checklists, request clearances, and coordinate with ground services as required.
View termPunti di percorso
Specific geographical locations defined by coordinates used to guide aircraft along a flight route or procedure.
View termPunto intermedio
A designated point on an instrument approach procedure (IAP) between the initial and final approach fixes, used to define the intermediate segment of the approach.
View termPushback
The procedure of moving an aircraft rearward from a gate or stand using a tow vehicle, under ground control instructions, before taxiing.
View termQFE (Regolazione altimetro su quota soglia pista)
An altimeter reference setting in which the altimeter indicates the height above the runway threshold elevation; used for precision approaches (QFE setting).
View termQuota di accelerazione
The specified altitude after take-off at which an aircraft transitions from take-off power and climb profile to acceleration and flap retraction, as defined in the departure procedure.
View termQuota di riattaccata
The published altitude to which an aircraft must climb when executing a missed approach or go-around procedure.
View termQuota di transizione
The altitude at or below which the vertical position of an aircraft is controlled by reference to altitudes, and above which by flight levels. Transition altitude is defined for each airport or airspace region.
View termRaccordo
A defined path at an aerodrome, established for the taxiing of aircraft and intended to provide a link between one part of the aerodrome and another, including runways, aprons, and hangars.
View termreverse di spinta al minimo
Minimum reverse-thrust setting used during rollout to aid deceleration while reducing noise, FOD risk, and brake wear.
View termridurre le manette di spinta
Callout or instruction for pilots to move all engine thrust levers to idle, normally at 20–10 ft AGL during Airbus landings.
View termRiduzione della spinta
A standard procedure to reduce engine thrust from take-off power to a lower, climb-appropriate setting at a specific altitude or waypoint after take-off.
View termRotta (traccia prevista)
The intended horizontal direction of travel of an aircraft over the ground, usually expressed in degrees from North.
View termRullaggio
To move an aircraft on the surface of an aerodrome under its own power, except when taking off and landing. Used in ATC instructions to direct aircraft ground movements.
View termRullaggio in arrivo
The movement of an aircraft under its own power from the runway or landing area to the assigned parking position or gate after landing.
View termSalga via
An ATC instruction to follow published climb restrictions, altitudes, and routes as depicted in a Standard Instrument Departure (SID) procedure.
View termSalita a gradini
A procedure in which an aircraft increases cruise altitude in steps as weight decreases, optimizing fuel efficiency and performance on long flights. Step climbs are coordinated with ATC and comply with the current flight plan.
View termSlat
Movable aerodynamic surfaces located on the leading edge of the wing, extended to increase lift at low speeds during takeoff and landing.
View termSpegnimento motori
The procedure in which the aircraft's engines and systems are switched off after reaching the parking position, ending the flight phase.
View termSpoiler
Movable surfaces on the wings deployed to reduce lift, increase drag, and assist in decelerating the aircraft after touchdown or during flight descent.
View termSTAR
Standard Terminal Arrival Route: a published IFR arrival procedure that streamlines traffic flow from the enroute phase to the approach at an airport.
View termTasso positivo
An indication, after takeoff, that the aircraft is climbing and the rate of climb is greater than zero as shown on the vertical speed indicator (VSI). Used by pilots to confirm climb before gear retraction.
View termTempo blocco
The total elapsed time from when the aircraft first moves under its own power for departure until it finally stops after arrival at the destination gate.
View termTurbulenza
Irregular motion of the air resulting from eddies and vertical currents, often causing bumpiness or abrupt altitude changes for aircraft. Pilots report turbulence to ATC for safety.
View termUscita pista
A designated taxiway or exit used by an aircraft to vacate the runway after landing or rejected takeoff.
View termVelocità al suolo
The speed of an aircraft relative to the surface of the Earth, as measured by navigation systems.
View termVelocità di avvicinamento finale
The target airspeed maintained by an aircraft during the last segment of the approach for landing, determined by aircraft type, weight, and configuration.
View termVelocità di riferimento di atterraggio
The speed selected as a reference for final approach and landing, often denoted as Vref; used for approach calculations and stabilized approach criteria.
View termVelocità di transizione
The airspeed at which the transition from one phase of flight to another occurs, often referencing a speed for configuration or regulatory changes (e.g., flaps up).
View termVelocità indicata
The airspeed value read directly from the aircraft’s airspeed indicator, not corrected for instrument or atmospheric errors.
View termVelocità vera
The actual speed of an aircraft relative to the air mass through which it is flying, corrected for altitude and temperature.
View termVerificare altimetri
Instructs flight crew to independently compare altimeter readings to verify correct setting and altitude indication, ensuring all crew members have matching altimeter values.
View termVerificare le indicazioni dell’annunciatore modalità volo
Instructs crew to check and confirm that the Flight-Mode Annunciator (FMA) on the Primary Flight Display is showing the correct mode annunciations in accordance with expected aircraft status or flight phase.
View term