angin silang maksimum yang terbukti
The highest crosswind component at which satisfactory control was demonstrated during aircraft certification flight tests.
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Flight Planning
Browse Flight Planning terms for pilots, air traffic controllers, cabin crew and aviation learners.
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bahan bakar alternatif en‑route
Fuel required to fly from the destination to an alternate aerodrome en‑route under planned conditions.
View termbahan bakar cadangan tetap
Fixed quantity of fuel required to be carried for emergencies as per regulatory minimum reserve rules.
View termbahan bakar cadangan variabel
Additional reserve fuel calculated proportionally to flight time beyond the fixed reserve, for unforeseen delays.
View termbahan bakar taxi‑in
Estimated fuel required for taxiing after landing, including clearing runway and reaching gate.
View termbahan bakar taxi‑out
Fuel required for engine start, taxi, and contingencies before take-off.
View termberat di landasan
The total weight of the aircraft while parked at the ramp, including fuel, payload, and all crew and equipment before engine start or taxi.
View termberat kosong operasi
The weight of an aircraft including all standard items and operating fluids but excluding payload and usable fuel.
View termberat operasi dasar
The weight of an aircraft including crew, unusable fuel, and all necessary fluids for operation, excluding payload and usable fuel.
View termDaya Dorong Kontinu Maksimum
The highest level of engine thrust that can be used continuously without time limitation under normal operating conditions.
View termDaya Dorong Lepas Landas Dikurangi
Thrust Less Than Maximum Take‑Off Thrust Applied During Take‑Off To Increase Engine Life And Optimize Operational Efficiency.
View termDaya Dorong Lepas Landas Yang Dikurangi
Reduced engine thrust setting used for take-off to extend engine life, improve fuel efficiency, and meet noise abatement procedures.
View termGradien Pendakian Minimum
Lowest climb gradient required to ensure obstacle clearance or meet procedure design criteria.
View termgradien pendakian saat mendarat
Minimum climb performance required during a go-around or missed approach with all engines operating.
View termjalur lepas landas bersih
Minimum vertical profile flown after take‑off, reduced from gross climb to ensure obstacle clearance following critical-engine failure
View termjarak keputusan tersedia
Distance from threshold to point on runway where go‑around decision altitude is reached, allowing a missed‑approach before runway end.
View termjarak lari lepas landas tersedia
Declared length of runway suitable for the ground run of an aircraft taking off, excluding clearway.
View termjarak lepas landas tersedia
Declared length of runway plus clearway that is available and suitable for the ground run of an aircraft taking off.
View termjarak pendaratan tersedia
Declared length of runway that is available and suitable for the ground run of an aircraft landing.
View termjarak pendaratan yang dibutuhkan
Calculated distance an aircraft needs to land and come to a complete stop under existing conditions.
View termjarak percepat-lanjut yang dibutuhkan
Distance needed to accelerate to decision speed, experience an engine failure and continue take-off to 35 ft above runway.
View termjarak roll di tanah
The distance from brake-release or acceleration point to airplane lift-off during take‑off roll.
View termKecepatan Energi Rem Maksimum
The highest speed from which an aircraft can stop without exceeding the maximum brake energy limit, used to ensure brake system integrity and safety.
View termkecepatan keamanan lepas landas
Target airspeed reached after V2 during take‑off, providing sufficient climb gradient with one engine inoperative.
View termKecepatan Maksimum Ban
The highest ground speed a tire can sustain without risking structural failure, defined by aircraft and tire manufacturers.
View termkecepatan pendaratan referensi
Target speed established by crew to optimize landing safety and performance, typically VREF plus wind correction.
View termkecepatan referensi pendekatan
Speed selected for use on final approach segment, ensuring safe control margin above stall but stable profile.
View termkecepatan udara ekuivalen
Indicated airspeed corrected for compressibility effects at altitude, used for performance comparisons.
View termkecepatan udara terkalibrasi
Indicated airspeed corrected for instrument and position errors, used for accurate performance calculations.
View termKedalaman Kontaminasi Air
Vertical Thickness Of Water, Slush, Or Other Moisture‑Related Contaminants On The Runway Measured In Millimetres For Performance Calculations.
View termketinggian keputusan
Specified altitude in precision approach at which a missed approach must be initiated if runway not in sight.
View termketinggian kerapatan
Altitude at which the aircraft feels it is flying based on current pressure, temperature, and humidity, affecting performance.
View termketinggian tekanan
Altitude indicated when the altimeter is set to the standard pressure setting of 1013.25 hPa (29.92 inHg).
View termKode Kondisi Landasan
Numeric Value From 0 To 6 Indicating The Braking Action And Surface Condition Of A Runway As Published In A Runway Condition Report.
View termKomponen Angin Depan
Wind Blowing Opposite To Aircraft Movement, Increasing Lift And Reducing Required Take‑Off Or Landing Distance.
View termKomponen Angin Ekor
Wind Blowing In The Same Direction As Aircraft Movement, Reducing Lift And Increasing Required Take‑Off Or Landing Distance.
View termkomponen angin hadap
The component of the wind along the runway axis directed opposite to aircraft’s travel, used for performance calculations.
View termKomponen Angin Samping
Wind Component Perpendicular To The Runway Centerline, Affecting Aircraft Lateral Control During Take‑Off And Landing.
View termkoreksi panjang landasan untuk kemiringan dan suhu
Adjustment applied to declared runway length to account for runway slope and ambient temperature effects on aircraft performance.
View termlaju kemerosotan suhu atmosfer standar
The rate at which temperature decreases with altitude under standard atmospheric conditions, 2 °C per 1000 ft or 6.5 °C per 1000 m.
View termLaporan Aksi Pengereman
Pilot‑reported Assessment Of Actual Aircraft Braking Performance On A Runway Surface.
View termLepas Landas Suhu Flex
Take‑off Using An Assumed Temperature Higher Than Actual To Reduce Thrust And Prolong Engine Life While Meeting Performance Requirements.
View termMatriks Penilaian Kondisi Landasan
Standardized Tool Used To Assign Runway Condition Codes Based On Surface Type And Contaminant Characteristics, Supporting Aircraft Performance Assessment.
View termpanjang clearway
A defined rectangular area beyond the runway, free of obstructions, suitable for aircraft to continue take-off in case of engine failure.
View termpanjang landasan seimbang
Runway length at which accelerate-go and accelerate-stop distances are equal under specified conditions.
View termPanjang Stopway
Length Of The Designated Area Beyond The Runway End That Can Be Used To Decelerate During A Rejected Take‑Off, As Part Of ASDA.
View termpanjang stopway
The length of a stopway usable in the event of a rejected take-off, beyond the take-off run available.
View termpendakian akhir lepas landas
Climb segment after acceleration and flap retraction up to en‑route climb altitude with one-engine inoperative.
View termpendakian segmen kedua
Climb segment from gear retraction to acceleration altitude with one-engine inoperative, maintaining prescribed gradient.
View termpermukaan bebas halangan
Imaginary inclined plane established to ensure minimum safe vertical separation between aircraft flight paths and obstacles.
View termpermukaan segmen visual
An obstacle‑free area beyond the runway threshold, providing required visual clearance during the final approach segment.
View termPersyaratan Pendakian Pendekatan
The minimum climb gradient that an aircraft must meet during the missed approach phase, considering one engine inoperative.
View term